Two very popular high-end knife steels are CPM-20Cv and M390. Both of these steels are used in the most premium knives are are often considered to be among the best steels money can buy. However, the question of how they stack up against each other remains unanswered. So in this article, we will review both these steels in depth to see which is better and why.
Here is the short answer:
CPM-20CV is a highly engineered steel that contains high levels of carbon, chromium, and vanadium, while M390 is a micro-alloyed steel that contains high levels of chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium. M390 is more versatile than 20CV, but both are good steels.
Now that we have looked at the short answer, we can look at each steel, the components of each steel, and how they compare in depth.
In-Depth Look at CPM 20CV
CPM-20CV is a highly engineered stainless steel that is known for its excellent wear resistance and edge retention. It is a powder metallurgy steel that contains high levels of carbon, chromium, and vanadium, which work together to create a steel that is highly durable and resistant to wear whilst still maintaining good edge retention.
CPM-20CV is often used in high-end knives and cutting tools that require exceptional edge retention and toughness. It is known for its ability to hold an edge for extended periods of time, making it a good choice for applications that require frequent use that would dull most other blades.
The steel composition of CPM-20CV is as follows:
- 1.9% carbon
- 20% chromium
- 1% molybdenum
- 4% vanadium
- 1% tungsten
Each component of the steel does different things: Carbon increases strength and edge retention, Chromium increases corrosion resistance and edge retention, Vanadium increases wear resistance, Molybdenum makes the knives easier to harden, which makes it easier to manufacture, Tungsten–much like carbon–will increase strength.
In-Depth Look at M390
M390 is a micro-alloyed stainless steel that is known for its high levels of wear resistance and corrosion resistance. It contains high levels of chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium, which work together to create a steel that is highly durable and resistant to wear.
M390 is commonly used in the production of high-performance knives and cutting tools that are subjected to heavy wear and tear. It is known for its ability to hold a very sharp edge for a long time, making it a good choice for applications that require frequent sharpening.
Here is what M390 is made of:
- 1.9% of Carbon
- 0.7% of Silicon
- 0.3% of Manganese
- 20% of Chromium
- 1% of Molybdenum
- 0.6% of Tungsten
- 4% of Vanadium
Niobium and magnesium increase the steel’s hardness
Comparison of CPM 20CV and M390
CPM-20CV and M390 are both high-performance stainless steels that offer exceptional wear resistance and edge retention. However, there are some notable differences between the two steels that may make one more suitable for a particular application than the other.
CPM-20CV is a highly engineered steel with high levels of carbon, chromium, and vanadium. It is known for its exceptional wear resistance and edge retention, making it a good choice for applications that require a very durable blade. However, CPM-20CV is also more brittle steel than M390, which can make it more challenging to work with and sharpen.
M390, on the other hand, is a micro-alloyed steel that contains high levels of chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium. It is known for its excellent wear resistance and edge retention, as well as its corrosion resistance. This makeup makes M390 an overall more versatile steel as it is more corrosion-resistant.
In terms of edge retention, both CPM-20CV and M390 are top-tier steels that offer exceptional performance. However, CPM-20CV may hold an edge slightly longer than M390. This would make CPM-20CV a better steel for those who are using their knives for tasks that will be used for long periods of time.
Best knives in each steel
Now that we have looked at each steel and how they compare to each other, we can look at the best knives in each steel.
Benchmade Bugout (M390)
The Benchmade Bugout is a knife that is great for camping. This lightweight folding knife weighs only 1.85 ounces so it won’t drag you down with its weight. The Bugout is a great knife for anyone who wants a high-quality, comfortable, and lightweight EDC knife.
Check out this knife here (link to Amazon)
Zero Tolerance 0308 – CPM-20CV
Zero Tolerance is made by the same parent company that makes Kershaw knives, so you might see some similarities there if you’re familiar with Kershaw. The 0308 has a G10 handle scale with a titanium back, 20CV steel, a reversible pocket clip, a flipper for opening, and a ball bearing pivot that makes for smooth opening.
Check it out here (link to Amazon)
Conclusion
M390 is more well-rounded steel that is better for a wider array of tasks due to its higher degree of corrosion resistance. On the other hand, CPM-20CV has better edge retention.
If you want to look at more articles like this one go here